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Australia took 90 minutes to complete formalities, with Michael Neser and Mitchell Starc sharing five of the last six West Indies wickets.
Earlier, Shreyas Iyer struck 92 off 98 deliveries to help India post 252 after electing to bat.
It will be just the third time India will host a pink-ball Test after playing against Bangladesh in Kolkata in November, 2019, followed by facing England in Ahmedabad in February, 2021.
Mandhana's career-best 80 not out had elegance written all over it as the Indian women's cricket team reached 132/1 at stumps.
Several former England players questioned the suitability of the pitch after 30 wickets fell in five sessions in what was the shortest completed Test match since 1935.
Let us script a fresh beginning by accepting that the wicket prepared at Ahmedabad was a disaster and make amends by preparing a pitch for the last Test that will bring the best out of both sides.
India won the third Test against England inside two days after 30 wickets tumbled in five sessions on a turning track in Ahmedabad.
While having day-night Tests are the need of the hour, they would not, per se increase, either popularity or spectator interest in this version of the game.
India declined Australia's offer to play a day-night Test during their last tour in 2018/19 but BCCI president Sourav Ganguly said in February they had agreed to one in the upcoming four-Test series.
Pakistan were 39 for 3 in their second innings, still trailing by 248 runs after Australian captain Tim Paine enforced the follow-on.
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