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The 21-year-old also became the seventh man and the youngest to capture Grand Slam titles on all three surfaces.
The World No 1 defeated the Italian 6-2, 6-1.
Carlos Alcaraz reached his maiden French Open final with a 2-6 6-3 3-6 6-4 6-3 win over Jannik Sinner before Alexander Zverev also recovered from a slow start on Friday to beat Casper Ruud.
Swiatek defeated Coco Gauff 6-2, 6-4 while Paolini downed Andreeva 6-3, 6-1.
The second seed Indo-Australian pair lost 5-7, 6-2, 2-6.
They beat last year's finalists Sander Gille and Joran Vliegen in three sets.
Russian 17-year-old Mirra Andreeva sent second seed Aryna Sabalenka home, while Italian Jasmine Paolini staved off a fightback from fourth seed Elena Rybakina.
The injury, sustained in his fourth-round win over Francisco Cerundolo, ended the Serb's quest for a record-extending 25th Grand Slam trophy and will result in him losing the world No. 1 ranking to Jannik Sinner later this month.
Jabeur was roared on by a Tunisian contingent on Court Philippe-Chatrier as Gauff dropped the opening set, but the American grew in confidence in the second and stamped her authority in the third to reach the semis for the second time.
Djokovic said he had been experiencing slight discomfort in his right knee for a couple of weeks and the issue flared up as soon as he slipped and tweaked it during the third game of the second set.
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