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No. 12 Coco Gauff and 20th-seeded Madison Keys set up a third-round match-up.
Trevisan had all the answers as she dominated most of the match against a below-par Fernandez who struggled to repeat the form that took her to last year's US Open final.
Raducanu became the first qualifier in the history of the Open Era to win a major title.
The 18-year-old became the first ever qualifier to win a Grand Slam title and the first British woman to hoist a major trophy since Virginia Wade triumphed at Wimbledon in 1977.
Briton Emma Raducanu became the first qualifier to reach the US Open final by beating Greece's Maria Sakkari 6-1, 6-4.
The Canadian teenager shocked second seed Aryna Sabalenka 7-6(3), 4-6, 6-4 to reach her first Grand Slam final.
Canadian teenager Leylah Fernandez stormed into her first Grand Slam semifinal with a battling 6-3, 3-6, 7-6(5) win over Ukrainian fifth seed Elina Svitolina.
Emma Raducanu overwhelmed American Shelby Rogers 6-2, 6-1 to reach her first Grand Slam quarterfinal.
The Canadian teen had earlier stunned third seed and defending champion Naomi Osaka.
Results 1-9