This has led France to a deeper crisis that threatens its capacity to legislate and tame a massive budget deficit.

This has led France to a deeper crisis that threatens its capacity to legislate and tame a massive budget deficit.

This has led France to a deeper crisis that threatens its capacity to legislate and tame a massive budget deficit.

Paris: French lawmakers united to support a no-confidence motion against Prime Minister Michel Barnier, with a majority of 331 votes in favour of the motion. This has led France to an even deeper crisis that threatens its capacity to legislate and tame a massive budget deficit.

Barnier now has to submit his resignation and that of his government on Thursday to President Emmanuel Macron, making his minority government's three-month tenure the shortest in France's Fifth Republic since 1958. 

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The hard left and far right punished Barnier for using special constitutional powers to adopt part of an unpopular budget without a final vote in parliament, where it lacked majority support. The draft budget had sought 60 billion euros in savings in a drive to shrink a gaping deficit.

"This (deficit) reality will not disappear by the magic of a motion of censure," Barnier told lawmakers ahead of the vote, adding the budget deficit would come back to haunt whichever government comes next.

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No French government had lost a confidence vote since Georges Pompidou's in 1962. Macron ushered in the crisis by calling a snap election in June that delivered a polarised parliament.

With its president diminished, France now risks ending the year without a stable government or a 2025 budget, although the constitution allows special measures that would avert a U S-style government shutdown.

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France's political turmoil will further weaken a European Union already reeling from the implosion of Germany's coalition government, and weeks before U S President-elect Donald Trump returns to the White House.